{"id":16263,"date":"2015-09-01T17:36:27","date_gmt":"2015-09-01T16:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mapsec.fr\/?p=16263"},"modified":"2026-06-29T16:46:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T14:46:06","slug":"totul-despre-echilibrarea-hidraulica-statica-automata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/2015\/09\/01\/tout-sur-lequilibrage-hydraulique-statiqueautomatique\/","title":{"rendered":"Totul despre echilibrarea hidraulic\u0103 static\u0103 \u0219i automat\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/contact\/\" style=\"border-radius:2px\">a solicita o ofert\u0103 de pre\u021b <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"text-right small\" style=\"text-align: right;\">De Patrick DELPECH \u2013 pentru compania MAPSEC \u2013 martie 2020<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Pentru responsabilii tehnici \u0219i factorii de decizie (proprietari, administratori de imobile etc.), nout\u0103\u021bile din sector, capcanele de evitat \u0219i condi\u021biile necesare pentru realizarea corespunz\u0103toare a echilibr\u0103rii hidraulice \u0219i termice.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Aceast\u0103 pagin\u0103 prezint\u0103 principiile generale ale echilibr\u0103rii hidraulice statice \u0219i automate.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru a afla mai multe despre metoda MAPSEC aplicat\u0103 re\u021belelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire centralizat\u0103, care include diagnosticarea, m\u0103sur\u0103torile, reglajele, validarea \u0219i metoda EQUILOG, consulta\u021bi pagina noastr\u0103 principal\u0103 dedicat\u0103\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/2016\/01\/13\/echilibrare-hidraulica-a-sistemului-de-incalzire-diagnosticare-gratuita\/\">echilibrarea hidraulic\u0103 a sistemului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire centralizat\u0103<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>PROBLEMATICA<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00cen cadrul aceluia\u0219i circuit de \u00eenc\u0103lzire, prezen\u021ba simultan\u0103 a unor \u00eenc\u0103peri prea calde \u0219i a unor \u00eenc\u0103peri insuficient \u00eenc\u0103lzite este un semn al unei probleme foarte frecvente de dezechilibru.<br \/>Indiferent de cauza real\u0103 \u2013 reglaj hidraulic incorect, erori de dimensionare, izola\u021bii inegale etc. \u2013, problema poate fi remediat\u0103 prin reglarea a\u0219a-numitelor robinete de echilibrare, cu condi\u021bia ca acestea s\u0103 fie distribuite corespunz\u0103tor \u0219i s\u0103 fie suficient de accesibile.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"T\u00e9 de r\u00e9glage et robinet volum\u00e9trique\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"529\" height=\"224\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 1: Racord \u00een T de reglare \u0219i robinet volumetric <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imi-hydronic.com\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IMI Hydronic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Reglajul care trebuie efectuat const\u0103 \u00een limitarea debitelor robinetelor de la ramurile favorizate, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce debitul acestora scade, cel al ramurilor defavorizate s\u0103 creasc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Principiul de reglare este, a\u0219adar, u\u0219or de \u00een\u021beles, dar punerea sa \u00een practic\u0103 este mult mai delicat\u0103. Prezentul dosar prezint\u0103 condi\u021biile \u00een care o opera\u021biune de echilibrare hidraulic\u0103 se va desf\u0103\u0219ura corect, \u00een special \u00een cazul instala\u021biilor existente.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>ANALIZA \u0218I EXPERIEN\u021aA BIROURILOR DE PROIECTARE<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00cen general, o re\u021bea de distribu\u021bie a apei pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire <strong>existent\u0103<\/strong> poate fi echilibrat\u0103 cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 numai dac\u0103 s-au prev\u0103zut robinete de echilibrare <u>accesibile<\/u>, \u00een afara spa\u021biilor ocupate.<br \/>Dac\u0103 instala\u021bia nu este prea veche, acest aspect a fost, \u00een mod normal, prev\u0103zut de birourile de proiectare \u00eenc\u0103 din faza de proiectare a instala\u021biei, prin montarea unor robinete a\u0219a-numite de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> la nivelul de echilibrare, situate \u00een subsoluri, \u00een spa\u021biile sanitare sau chiar \u00een casa sc\u0103rilor \u0219i, \u00een orice caz, \u00een afara spa\u021biilor ocupate.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets de 2\u00e8me niveau d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage \" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"357\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura 2: Robinete de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> nivelul de echilibrare<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Circuitele care dispun doar de robinete de echilibrare montate pe radiatoare sunt greu de echilibrat, deoarece accesul simultan la toate \u00eenc\u0103perile este foarte dificil de organizat dac\u0103 acestea sunt ocupate.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, este necesar s\u0103 se solicite unei firme de proiectare sau unui expert \u00een echilibrare s\u0103 analizeze re\u021beaua de distribu\u021bie, pentru a stabili posibilit\u0103\u021bile de instalare a unor robinete accesibile de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> nivel.<br \/>Trebuie men\u021bionat c\u0103 echilibrarea circuitului va fi cu at\u00e2t mai eficient\u0103 cu c\u00e2t num\u0103rul de emi\u021b\u0103toare \u00abcontrolate\u00bb de robinetele de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> Nivelul va fi moderat, cu un num\u0103r optim de 5 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 10 unit\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen general, \u00een cazul instala\u021biilor existente, singura reglare a 2<sup>ema<\/sup> Nivelul de echilibrare (\u0219i nivelurile superioare) sunt suficiente pentru ob\u021binerea unui rezultat corect. Dac\u0103 totu\u0219i ar persista anomalii la anumite antene, va fi \u00eentotdeauna posibil s\u0103 se efectueze local o echilibrare suplimentar\u0103. Aceasta se va putea realiza corect, deoarece grupul de emi\u021b\u0103toare corespunz\u0103tor va fi fost alimentat \u00een prealabil \u00een mod normal, prin reglarea corect\u0103 a robinetului s\u0103u de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> nivel.<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 se instaleaz\u0103 robinete de echilibrare de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> Dac\u0103 acest nivel nu poate fi atins, va trebui s\u0103 se ia \u00een considerare un plan complex de acces la toate spa\u021biile.<br \/>Dac\u0103 tot ne-am hot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 opt\u0103m pentru aceast\u0103 solu\u021bie costisitoare, am putea profita de ocazie pentru a analiza posibilitatea instal\u0103rii unei genera\u021bii noi de robinete termostatice, capabile s\u0103 asigure, de altfel, un echilibrare \u00abdinamic\u0103\u00bb, ale c\u0103rei avantaje le vom analiza ulterior.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets thermostatiques hydrauliquement dynamiques Danfoss\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura 3: Robine\u021bi termostatici cu ac\u021biune hidraulic\u0103 dinamic\u0103 <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.danfoss.com\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Danfoss<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00cen concluzie, trebuie men\u021bionat c\u0103 reglarea acestor robinete necesit\u0103, la fel ca \u00een cazul tuturor robinetelor de echilibrare, o reglare hidraulic\u0103 ini\u021bial\u0103 precis\u0103.<br \/>Dup\u0103 cum vom vedea mai t\u00e2rziu, dac\u0103 echilibrarea se realizeaz\u0103 prin reglarea debitelor, determinarea acestora va necesita, \u00een absen\u021ba documenta\u021biei privind instala\u021biile existente, interven\u021bia unui birou de proiectare.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>ANALIZA \u0218I EXPERIEN\u021aA INDUSTRIALILOR<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\"><em>Exist\u0103 trei genera\u021bii de robinete de echilibrare.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>1<sup>era<\/sup> genera\u021bie: Robinetele sau supapele de echilibrare statice \u0219i nevolumetrice.<\/strong><br \/>Aceste robinete nu permit m\u0103surarea debitelor \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage non volum\u00e9triques\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec18.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"224\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\"><em>Figura 4: Robine\u021bi de echilibrare nevolumetrici<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 metode de reglare a acestora:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\">Simularea hidraulic\u0103 a distribu\u021biilor<\/li>\n<li class=\"pad5\">Uniformizarea temperaturilor de retur ale antenelor care trebuie echilibrate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Simularea hidraulic\u0103 a re\u021belelor de distribu\u021bie presupune \u00eenregistrarea detaliat\u0103 a re\u021belei (lungimile tronsoanelor, diametrele etc.), determinarea comportamentului hidraulic al robinetelor instalate \u0219i calcularea debitelor care trebuie reglate pe fiecare ramifica\u021bie.<br \/>\u00cen cazul instala\u021biilor existente, colectarea tuturor acestor date este o sarcin\u0103 complex\u0103, iar incertitudinile care decurg din aceasta limiteaz\u0103 \u0219ansele de a ob\u021bine cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 un rezultat satisf\u0103c\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd instala\u021biile sunt echipate cu robinete de acest tip, cea mai bun\u0103 solu\u021bie este s\u0103 se procedeze astfel: <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/methode-dequilibrage-equilog\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">uniformizarea temperaturilor apei de retur ale sistemelor care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie echilibrate. <\/a><br \/>Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 recent\u0103 va fi prezentat\u0103 mai jos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2<sup>ema<\/sup> Genera\u021bie: Robinetele sau supapele de echilibrare statice \u0219i volumetrice.<\/strong><br \/>Aceste robinete permit m\u0103surarea debitelor \u00een timpul curgerii.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage volum\u00e9triques\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"230\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 5: Robine\u021bi de echilibrare volumetric\u0103 <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oventrop.de\/?countrySelect=fr-FR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oventrop<\/a> \u0219i <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.comap.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Comap<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Exist\u0103 trei metode de reglare a acestora:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\">Simularea hidraulic\u0103 a distribu\u021biilor<\/li>\n<li class=\"pad5\">Reglarea \u0219i controlul debitelor prin m\u0103surare la fa\u021ba locului<\/li>\n<li class=\"pad5\">Uniformizarea temperaturilor apei de retur ale sistemelor care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie echilibrate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Dac\u0103 excludem prima solu\u021bie, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere dificult\u0103\u021bile pe care le prezint\u0103 \u00een cazul instala\u021biilor existente, trebuie remarcat faptul c\u0103 reglarea debitelor necesit\u0103, de asemenea, interven\u021bia unui birou de proiectare pentru determinarea debitului care trebuie reglat pe fiecare anten\u0103 ce urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie echilibrat\u0103.<br \/>\u00cen cazul instala\u021biilor existente, cea mai simpl\u0103 solu\u021bie r\u0103m\u00e2ne uniformizarea temperaturilor apei de retur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3<sup>ema<\/sup> genera\u021bie: Robinetele sau supapele de echilibrare dinamic\u0103<\/strong><br \/>Fiind ultima genera\u021bie de robinete de echilibrare, acestea sunt destinate instal\u0103rii pe <strong>circuitele cu debit variabil <\/strong>cum ar fi cele dotate cu robinete termostatice.<\/p>\n<p>Trebuie s\u0103 facem distinc\u021bia \u00eentre dou\u0103 tipuri de robinete:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\">Robinetele sau supapele de echilibrare \u00ab <em>regulatoare de presiune diferen\u021bial\u0103 <\/em>\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets r\u00e9gulateurs de pression diff\u00e9rentielle\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"207\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 6: Robinete de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/honeywell.com\/country\/fr\/Pages\/home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Honeywell<\/a> \u0219i <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.danfoss.com\/france\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Danfoss<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00centr-o re\u021bea echipat\u0103 cu robinete termostatice (Rth), atunci c\u00e2nd acestea se \u00ab\u00eenchid\u00bb, diferen\u021ba de presiune de alimentare (DP) a ramifica\u021biei cre\u0219te. Aceast\u0103 cre\u0219tere a DP se opune \u00eenchiderii Rth \u0219i duce la cre\u0219terea debitului \u00een emi\u021b\u0103toarele ale c\u0103ror robinete termostatice nu s-au \u00eenchis \u00eenc\u0103.<br \/>\u00cen aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, robinetul de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale detecteaz\u0103 cre\u0219terea presiunii diferen\u021biale \u0219i se \u00ab\u00eenchide\u00bb pentru a o restabili.<\/p>\n<p>Anumite modele, precum cele din fotografia de mai sus, nu sunt volumetrice \u0219i, prin urmare, nu permit m\u0103surarea debitelor reglate. Reglarea acestora sau verificarea regl\u0103rii lor trebuie efectuat\u0103 prin m\u0103surarea temperaturilor de retur.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\"><strong>2<sup>ema<\/sup> Tipuri de robinete de echilibrare dinamic\u0103: Robinetele de echilibrare automate<\/strong> <em>(denumite \u0219i auto-echilibrante sau independente de presiunea de alimentare, sau PIBCV, sau regulatoare de debit)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage dits \u00ab automatiques \u00bb\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"253\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 7: Robine\u021bi de echilibrare denumi\u021bi \u00abautomatici\u00bb <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imi-hydronic.com\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IMI Hydronic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Aceste robinete au fost concepute pentru a permite <strong>configurarea unui singur terminal<\/strong> cum ar fi un element de \u00eenc\u0103lzire al unui CTA sau al unui ventiloconvector.<br \/>Acestea pot fi motorizate, permi\u021b\u00e2nd astfel reglarea unit\u0103\u021bii \u00een cele mai bune condi\u021bii de func\u021bionare hidraulic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Acestea sunt uneori utilizate pentru a asigura echilibrarea antenelor care con\u021bin <strong>mai multe emi\u021b\u0103toare echipate cu supape de reglare cu dou\u0103 c\u0103i<\/strong> cum ar fi radiatoarele echipate cu robinete termostatice. Robinetele de echilibrare automate \u00eenlocuiesc astfel robinetele de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale prev\u0103zute \u00een mod normal pentru aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p>Aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie nu a fost prev\u0103zut\u0103 ini\u021bial \u0219i nu este men\u021bionat\u0103 \u00een specifica\u021biile tehnice ale produc\u0103torilor. \u00centr-adev\u0103r, func\u021bionarea robinetului de echilibrare automat\u0103 nu este atunci tocmai optim\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, se aseam\u0103n\u0103 cu cea a unui robinet de echilibrare static.<\/p>\n<p>Putem analiza acest mod de func\u021bionare consult\u00e2nd articolul: <a href=\"http:\/\/conseils.xpair.com\/actualite_experts\/equilibrage-dynamique-chauffage.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00abEchilibrarea automat\u0103: condi\u021biile succesului\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen comentariile de la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestui articol se va remarca punctul de vedere al celor doi mari produc\u0103tori.<br \/>Astfel, IMI \u2013 Hydronic precizeaz\u0103:<br \/><em>\u00ab\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te instalarea supapelor automate (PIBCV, \u00een acest caz un regulator de debit) \u00een re\u021belele cu debit variabil (de exemplu, locuin\u021be echipate cu robinete termostatice), calitatea noastr\u0103 de exper\u021bi sau de speciali\u0219ti din industria hidraulic\u0103 ne impune s\u0103 adopt\u0103m o abordare impecabil\u0103 din punct de vedere tehnic. Chiar dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 constat\u0103m c\u0103 instalarea PIBCV la intrarea \u00een locuin\u021be este \u00een cre\u0219tere, din punct de vedere etic nu putem \u00eencuraja aceast\u0103 practic\u0103.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Adopt\u00e2nd o abordare mai pragmatic\u0103 \u00een aceea\u0219i privin\u021b\u0103, Oventrop precizeaz\u0103 <em>c\u0103, chiar dac\u0103 exist\u0103 o compromis tehnic \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te sistemul hidraulic, reglajul general ob\u021binut cu robinetele automate este totu\u0219i mult mai bun dec\u00e2t cel ob\u021binut cu robinetele statice \u0219i robinetele de reglare a presiunii, deoarece acestea din urm\u0103 sunt, de cele mai multe ori, slab reglate sau deloc.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00centr-adev\u0103r, reglarea robinetelor de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale las\u0103 adesea de dorit, \u00een special \u00een cazul modelelor care nu sunt volumetrice. Dac\u0103 nu se lucreaz\u0103 pe baza m\u0103sur\u0103torilor temperaturii de retur, reglarea acestora nu se poate efectua dec\u00e2t pe baza unui calcul ipotetic al pierderii de presiune. Dac\u0103 se dore\u0219te realizarea echilibr\u0103rii prin m\u0103surarea debitului, este indispensabil s\u0103 se opteze pentru modele volumetrice, iar mai multe m\u0103rci propun robinete volumetrice adaptabile.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Robinet volum\u00e9trique adapt\u00e9 avec un robinet r\u00e9gulateur de pression diff\u00e9rentielle Oventrop\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"513\" height=\"150\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 6 bis: Robinet volumetric echipat cu un robinet de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oventrop.de\/?countrySelect=fr-FR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oventrop<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">A\u0219adar, \u00een concluzie, trebuie s\u0103 re\u021binem mai ales c\u0103 nu trebuie s\u0103 confund\u0103m \u00abinstalarea robinetelor\u00bb cu \u00abreglarea robinetelor\u00bb, indiferent de genera\u021bia modelelor instalate.<\/p>\n<p>La fel ca \u00een cazul genera\u021biilor anterioare, robinetele de echilibrare dinamic\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 fac\u0103 obiectul unei regl\u0103ri ini\u021biale riguroase. Aceast\u0103 reglare se poate efectua prin simulare \u0219i\/sau m\u0103sur\u0103tori ale debitului \u0219i\/sau m\u0103sur\u0103tori ale temperaturilor de retur. Subiectul va fi dezvoltat \u00een paragraful urm\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>METODELE DE ECHILIBRARE<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00cen cazul instala\u021biilor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire centralizat\u0103 existente, <strong>trei metodologii <\/strong>\u00cen prezent se utilizeaz\u0103 dispozitive de reglare ini\u021bial\u0103 a robinetelor de echilibrare.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\"><strong>1<sup>era<\/sup> metod\u0103: Simularea comportamentului hidraulic al re\u021belelor<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Simulation  du comportement hydraulique des r\u00e9seaux\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"492\" height=\"446\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">\u00cen cazul instala\u021biilor existente, este posibil, teoretic, s\u0103 se efectueze m\u0103sur\u0103torile necesare pentru estimarea debitelor \u0219i a pierderilor de presiune din circuite, pentru a deduce prin calcul presetarea robinetelor de echilibrare. Este vorba \u00eens\u0103 de un \u00abjoc de-a v\u00e2n\u0103toarea de comori\u00bb dificil, cu excep\u021bia cazului \u00een care se utilizeaz\u0103 planurile de distribu\u021bie, care sunt rareori disponibile.<\/p>\n<p>Aceast\u0103 posibilitate, dezvoltat\u0103 \u00een mod deosebit de <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/edipa.fr\/LibrairieTechnique\/Auteur?auteur=FRIDMANN%20Pierre&amp;page=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Domnul Pierre Fridmann<\/a> presupune posibilitatea de a verifica ulterior rezultatul tuturor preset\u0103rilor efectuate, fie prin m\u0103surarea debitelor, fie prin m\u0103surarea temperaturilor apei de retur.<\/p>\n<p>Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 se aplic\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 instala\u021biilor noi sau recente, care nu prezint\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 depuneri neprev\u0103zute \u0219i pentru care sunt disponibile toate datele de calcul necesare.<br \/>Aceasta poate fi utilizat\u0103, \u00een special, pentru a determina diferen\u021bele de presiune care trebuie reglate la robinetele \u00abde reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale\u00bb prev\u0103zute cu scale de reglare exprimate \u00een unit\u0103\u021bi de presiune.<br \/>Rezultatul simul\u0103rii permite presetarea robinetelor, \u00eenainte ca debitele de ap\u0103 sau temperaturile apei de retur ob\u021binute efectiv s\u0103 fie verificate \u0219i ajustate ulterior la fa\u021ba locului.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\"><strong>2<sup>ema<\/sup> metod\u0103: Calculul, reglarea \u0219i controlul debitelor care trebuie transportate<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Metodologia const\u0103 \u00een calcularea \u0219i reglarea debitelor care trebuie transportate. Aceasta necesit\u0103, desigur, prezen\u021ba unor arm\u0103turi denumite \u00abvolumetrice\u00bb, statice sau dinamice, care permit m\u0103surarea debitelor.<br \/>Prin urmare, aceasta nu se aplic\u0103 \u00een cazul <strong>robinete nevolumetrice<\/strong> cum ar fi simplele robinete de reglare montate la ie\u0219irea radiatoarelor, dar \u0219i la baza coloanelor \u0219i, mai ales, pe returul circuitelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire prin pardoseal\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>S\u0103 reamintim, de asemenea, c\u0103 anumite robinete de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale nu sunt volumetrice. Reglarea acestora sau verificarea reglajului lor trebuie efectuat\u0103 exclusiv prin m\u0103surarea temperaturilor de retur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen cazul instala\u021biilor existente, pentru determinarea debitelor care trebuie reglate, o firm\u0103 de proiectare va trebui s\u0103 efectueze m\u0103sur\u0103torile necesare pentru estimarea pierderilor corespunz\u0103toare fiec\u0103rei antene de \u00eenc\u0103lzire care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie tratat\u0103.<br \/>Pentru aceasta, va trebui s\u0103 calculeze pierderile de c\u0103ldur\u0103 ale \u00eenc\u0103perilor standard \u0219i ale celor speciale (sub teras\u0103, l\u00e2ng\u0103 fronton etc.). Apoi, ceea ce este adesea foarte delicat, va trebui s\u0103 le aloce corect fiec\u0103rei antene care trebuie reglat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Reglarea debitelor necesit\u0103 utilizarea unui kit de m\u0103surare \u0219i, \u00een cazul \u00een care robinetele nu sunt dinamice, aplicarea unei metodologii specifice.<br \/>Una dintre aceste metode poate fi achizi\u021bionat\u0103 de pe <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/formation.xpair.com\/equilibrage-hydraulique\/module\/equi-debit.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eformation Xpair<\/a> sau pe <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edipa.fr\/LibrairieTechnique\/Details\/564?AcceptCookies=check\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Simulator.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Contr\u00f4le de d\u00e9bit\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"551\" height=\"224\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 9: Controlul debitului \u2013 Surs\u0103 <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oventrop.de\/?countrySelect=fr-FR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oventrop<\/a> \u0219i trusa de m\u0103surare <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imi-hydronic.com\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IMI Hydronic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Dac\u0103 robinetele care trebuie reglate sunt<strong> de tip dinamic <\/strong>reglarea debitelor se poate efectua mai u\u0219or, f\u0103r\u0103 a fi necesar\u0103 o metod\u0103 special\u0103, cu excep\u021bia verific\u0103rii faptului c\u0103 robinetul cel mai defavorizat dispune de o presiune diferen\u021bial\u0103 de alimentare suficient\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>La anumite robinete dinamice cu scal\u0103 de debit, presetarea se poate efectua f\u0103r\u0103 m\u0103surare, dar acest lucru nu scute\u0219te de efectuarea m\u0103sur\u0103rii finale a debitelor ob\u021binute dup\u0103 ce toate robinetele au fost presetate.<br \/>\u00cen cazul modelelor care nu sunt gradate \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te debitul, \u00een special robinetele de reglare a presiunii diferen\u021biale, reglarea debitelor nu poate fi efectuat\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 m\u0103surarea efectiv\u0103 a acestora (dac\u0103 sunt, de altfel, de tip volumetric).<\/p>\n<p>Odat\u0103 ce toate robinetele dinamice vor fi fost reglate sau prereglate, \u00een cazul \u00een care sunt de tip volumetric, o echilibrare riguroas\u0103 se va \u00eencheia cu m\u0103surarea tuturor debitelor din circuit, pentru a se asigura c\u0103 interac\u021biunile hidraulice dintre ramifica\u021bii au fost tratate corespunz\u0103tor.<br \/>S\u0103 reamintim, \u00eentr-adev\u0103r, c\u0103 sunt suficiente c\u00e2teva antene aflate \u00een condi\u021bii nefavorabile pentru a fi necesar\u0103 supra\u00eenc\u0103lzirea \u00eentregii re\u021bele de distribu\u021bie, iar comportamentul hidraulic al circuitelor, \u00een special al celor existente, rezerv\u0103 adesea multe surprize.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\"><strong>3<sup>ema<\/sup> metod\u0103: M\u0103surarea \u0219i uniformizarea temperaturilor apei de retur pe durata sezonului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Aceast\u0103 solu\u021bie mai recent\u0103, cunoscut\u0103 sub denumirea de \u00abmetoda EQUILOG\u00bb, const\u0103, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care sistemul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire este \u00een func\u021biune \u0219i temperatura de plecare este stabilizat\u0103, \u00een <strong>m\u0103surarea temperaturilor apei de retur <\/strong>antene care trebuie echilibrate \u0219i uniformizate, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t toate antenele care trebuie reglate s\u0103 fie \u00abla fel de calde\u00bb unele fa\u021b\u0103 de altele.<\/p>\n<p>De\u0219i pare \u00absimplist\u00bb, acest procedeu a fost \u0219i este \u00een continuare \u021binta unor critici fire\u0219ti din partea concuren\u021bilor s\u0103i. Se poate citi pe aceast\u0103 tem\u0103 <a href=\"http:\/\/conseils.xpair.com\/actualite_experts\/equilibrage-hydraulique-methode-simple.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00abEchilibrarea hidraulic\u0103: nout\u0103\u021bi privind o metod\u0103 simpl\u0103\u00bb. <\/a>Se poate constata \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een c\u00e2teva sute de amplasamente, peste 80 000 de unit\u0103\u021bi echivalente de locuin\u021be au fost gestionate p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent \u00een condi\u021bii bune de rentabilitate.<\/p>\n<p>Dup\u0103 echilibrare, antenele vor prezenta temperaturi de retur \u0219i diferen\u021be de temperatur\u0103 \u00eentre dus \u0219i retur comparabile <em>(*)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Uniformisation des temp\u00e9ratures d\u2019eau d\u2019un circuit de chauffage\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec12.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"573\" height=\"229\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figura nr. 11: Uniformizarea(*) temperaturilor apei dintr-un circuit de \u00eenc\u0103lzire<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\"><em>(*) Atunci c\u00e2nd re\u021beaua hidraulic\u0103 permite acest lucru, este, desigur, posibil s\u0103 se regleze temperaturi diferite ale apei pentru fiecare ramifica\u021bie, pentru a \u021bine seama de opera\u021biunile locale de izolare. <\/em><br \/><em>Cu toate acestea, se constat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een cazul cl\u0103dirilor care au f\u0103cut obiectul unor lucr\u0103ri de renovare termic\u0103 omogene (\u00eenlocuirea tuturor ferestrelor \u0219i u\u0219ilor, izolarea tuturor pere\u021bilor verticali exteriori), echilibrarea <u>ini\u021bial sau ulterior<\/u> ob\u021binut prin uniformizarea temperaturii apei este suficient pentru a ob\u021bine un rezultat bun. <\/em><br \/><em>Reglarea puterii de \u00eenc\u0103lzire se poate efectua apoi prin simpla reglare a temperaturii apei la ie\u0219irea din cazan (reglarea curbei de \u00eenc\u0103lzire).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Procesul, aplicabil tuturor tipurilor de robinete, a putut fi optimizat gra\u021bie progreselor \u00eenregistrate \u00een domeniul termometriei \u00een infraro\u0219u \u0219i cercet\u0103rilor efectuate de GMTI94 \u2013 GEFEn.<br \/>Principiul s\u0103u poate fi studiat pe <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/formation.xpair.com\/equilibrage-hydraulique\/module\/equi-temp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eformation Xpair<\/a> sau pe <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.edipa.fr\/LibrairieTechnique\/Details\/564?AcceptCookies=check\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Simulator<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Principalul avantaj al acestei metodologii este acela c\u0103 permite renun\u021barea la toate calculele privind pierderile sau la \u00eenregistr\u0103rile privind instala\u021biile \u00een cazul re\u021belelor dimensionate corespunz\u0103tor. Prin urmare, aceasta este deosebit de potrivit\u0103 pentru circuitele existente, pentru care rareori sunt disponibile date istorice.<\/p>\n<p>Pus\u0103 \u00een practic\u0103 \u00een mod experimental \u00een anii 2000, aceast\u0103 procedur\u0103 a fost brevetat\u0103 \u00een Fran\u021ba \u0219i, recent, \u00een 15 \u021b\u0103ri europene.<br \/>La m\u00e9thode \u00ab\u00a0EQUILOG\u00a0\u00bb est notamment mise en \u0153uvre par <em>\u00ab <\/em><a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 MAPSEC <\/em><\/strong><\/a><em>\u00bb(*) <\/em>pour le compte de diverses soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d&rsquo;exploitation et d&rsquo;installation (Dalkia, Cofely-Soccram, Idex, etc.).<br \/><em>(*) MAPSEC 80 rue de Paris 93100 Montreuil T\u00e9l : 01 48 59 06 05 &#8211; <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.mapsec.fr<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Circulateur\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"187\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Figure n\u00b010 : Contr\u00f4le de temp\u00e9rature d\u2019eau Source <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mapsec<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Notons enfin que dans <a href=\"http:\/\/conseils.xpair.com\/actualite_experts\/equilibrage-dynamique-chauffage.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">l\u2019article consacr\u00e9 aux robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage dynamiques<\/a> \u00e9voqu\u00e9 dans le \u00a7 pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, l\u2019ing\u00e9nieur repr\u00e9sentant Oventrop indique dans les commentaires en fin de dossier.<br \/><em>\u00ab Pour l\u2019existant l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage par uniformisation des temp\u00e9ratures de retour est \u00e9galement \u00e0 mon sens la meilleure m\u00e9thode, si la chute de temp\u00e9rature retenue est la bonne.<br \/>Malgr\u00e9 tout, cette m\u00e9thode est chronophage et difficilement accept\u00e9e par les installateurs sp\u00e9cialistes du logement quand elle doit \u00eatre effectu\u00e9e manuellement.<br \/>Il existe des robinets qui font cela de fa\u00e7on automatique, mais le prix n\u2019est pas le m\u00eame \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Effectivement l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage par uniformisation des temp\u00e9ratures de retour n\u00e9cessitait autrefois de longs temps d\u2019attente de stabilisation thermique, mais les derniers progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s permettent aujourd\u2019hui de s\u2019en affranchir et la dur\u00e9e des op\u00e9rations est devenue tr\u00e8s comp\u00e9titive.<\/p>\n<p>On pourrait par ailleurs effectivement envisager de fa\u00e7on automatique la r\u00e9alisation et le maintien dans la dur\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9quilibrages par uniformisation des temp\u00e9ratures de retour. Mais, en l\u2019\u00e9tat de la technologie cela n\u00e9cessiterait l\u2019installation et l\u2019alimentation \u00e9lectrique de robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage automatiques motoris\u00e9s et raccord\u00e9s \u00e0 un automate ou \u00e0 une GTB.<br \/>D\u2019un point de vue \u00e9conomique cela reste pour le moment difficilement envisageable, du moins sur les installations existantes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>L&rsquo;ANALYSE ET LE SAVOIR FAIRE DES INSTALLATEURS<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Il faut surtout bien distinguer les activit\u00e9s de d\u00e9sembouage (lorsque n\u00e9cessaire) et celles d\u2019installation de robinets d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage, de celle de leur r\u00e9glage initial proprement dit.<\/p>\n<p>En effet, quel que soit le type de robinet, il est tentant pour une entreprise d\u2019installation ou de d\u00e9sembouage d\u2019int\u00e9grer \u00e0 sa proposition le poste de mise en service sans toujours \u00eatre \u00e0 m\u00eame de pouvoir en d\u00e9finir tous les param\u00e8tres.<\/p>\n<p>Evidemment on peut imaginer qu\u2019une m\u00eame soci\u00e9t\u00e9 puisse r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble d\u2019une op\u00e9ration de r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage, mais il faut alors qu\u2019elle dispose d\u2019\u00e9quipes aux savoirs-faire tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rents, pratiques et th\u00e9oriques.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019une fa\u00e7on g\u00e9n\u00e9rale il faudra donc \u00eatre extr\u00eamement prudent dans le choix d&rsquo;une entreprise candidate \u00e0 une action d&rsquo;\u00e9quilibrage. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 technique difficile et les contre-performances sont nombreuses car la v\u00e9rification de la qualit\u00e9 du travail r\u00e9alis\u00e9 est difficile \u00e0 effectuer.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eame si cela devait induire un surcout, on n\u2019h\u00e9sitera donc pas \u00e0 dissocier les interventions de telle sorte que les phases d\u2019\u00e9tude et\/ou de mise au point soient assur\u00e9es par des sp\u00e9cialistes du sujet.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"radiateur\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec13.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"173\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Un bon moyen de s\u00e9lection sera de demander, lors de la consultation, le type de m\u00e9thode qui sera utilis\u00e9, et de bien faire pr\u00e9ciser les donn\u00e9es qui seront restitu\u00e9es apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;op\u00e9ration.<br \/>Un quelconque flou ou une h\u00e9sitation sur les r\u00e9ponses apport\u00e9es sur l\u2019un ou l\u2019autre de ces 2 points sera sans doute le signe d\u2019une prestation mal maitris\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Si l&rsquo;entreprise travaille par mesure de d\u00e9bit ou par simulation hydraulique, on pourra ainsi demander que la proposition inclue la remise finale:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\">Du calcul d\u00e9taill\u00e9 des d\u00e9perditions <strong>en correspondance avec chaque robinet \u00e0 traiter<\/strong> et ayant conduit \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement des d\u00e9bits \u00e0 r\u00e9gler. On pourra ainsi s&rsquo;assurer que les d\u00e9bits vis\u00e9s ne sont pas le r\u00e9sultat de grossi\u00e8res estimations.<\/li>\n<li class=\"pad5\">D&rsquo;une grille <strong>certifi\u00e9e<\/strong> des d\u00e9bits mesur\u00e9s <u>\u00e0 l\u2019issue du r\u00e9glage de tous les robinets<\/u> (et ne pas se contenter de la grille des d\u00e9bits th\u00e9oriquement pr\u00e9vus). On pourra ainsi s&rsquo;assurer que les interactions hydrauliques entre les antennes \u00e0 r\u00e9gler ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectivement prises en compte et si utile pouvoir le contr\u00f4ler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Si l&rsquo;entreprise travaille par mesure des temp\u00e9ratures de retour, on pourra demander que la proposition inclue:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"text-justify push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad5\">Quelques r\u00e9f\u00e9rences correspondantes ou mieux, la communication d&rsquo;au moins un rapport d\u00e9taill\u00e9 d&rsquo;une op\u00e9ration pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment effectu\u00e9e. On pourra ainsi s&rsquo;assurer de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience du candidat car si le principe de la m\u00e9thode est ancien, il n&rsquo;est vraiment maitris\u00e9 que depuis peu.<\/li>\n<li class=\"pad5\">La restitution d&rsquo;un graphique <strong>certifi\u00e9, complet et d\u00e9taill\u00e9<\/strong> des temp\u00e9ratures de retour mesur\u00e9es,<strong> avant et apr\u00e8s \u00e9quilibrage<\/strong>, avec indication des temp\u00e9ratures de d\u00e9part stabilis\u00e9es pour lesquelles ces relev\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s. On pourra ainsi s&rsquo;assurer de la qualit\u00e9 du travail r\u00e9alis\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>RENTABILITE ET ECONOMIES D\u2019ENERGIES<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Il n\u2019est pas facile de pr\u00e9voir l\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e0 attendre d\u2019une op\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage.<br \/>En effet, si dans l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se d\u2019un \u00e9quilibrage parfaitement r\u00e9alis\u00e9, on peut l\u2019estimer \u00e0 partir d\u2019une cartographie des temp\u00e9ratures ambiantes initiales, celle-ci est en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 tr\u00e8s difficile \u00e0 interpr\u00e9ter.<br \/>En tout \u00e9tat de cause, si l\u2019on choisit cette voie d\u2019estimation, il faut s\u2019appuyer sur des enregistrements r\u00e9alis\u00e9s en p\u00e9riode tr\u00e8s froide et en l\u2019absence de tout apport gratuit (ensoleillement, appareillage \u00e9lectrique, etc.) et non sur des mesures instantan\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Exemple d\u2019enregistrement de temp\u00e9ratures ambiantes perturb\u00e9es par les apports gratuits\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"235\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-center push-top\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Fig 15 : Exemple d\u2019enregistrement de temp\u00e9ratures ambiantes perturb\u00e9es par les apports gratuits<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Mais encore plus d\u00e9licat est la prise en compte de l\u2019implantation des robinetteries d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage qui pourront r\u00e9ellement \u00eatre r\u00e9gl\u00e9es. En effet, sur les installations de chauffage existantes, l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage ne s\u2019effectue g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement que sur les robinets accessibles de 2<sup>ema<\/sup> niveau (voir 2<sup>ema<\/sup> \u00a7). En cons\u00e9quence, la plus ou moins bonne implantation de ce 2<sup>ema<\/sup> niveau est un param\u00e8tre essentiel pour l\u2019estimation de l\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e0 attendre.<\/p>\n<p>Sur ce point la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 MAPSEC utilise une m\u00e9thodologie dite <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/ecomapsec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">REQUILOG<\/a> qui lui permet \u00e0 partir d\u2019une cartographie des temp\u00e9ratures de retour d\u2019eau mesur\u00e9es \u00e0 hauteur des robinets \u00e0 r\u00e9gler, d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019ampleur du d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre qui pourra effectivement \u00eatre trait\u00e9.<br \/>Aussi, lorsque cela est possible, les op\u00e9rations d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage qui lui sont confi\u00e9es sont pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9es d\u2019une op\u00e9ration de diagnostic incluant cette \u00e9valuation, ce qui permet au d\u00e9cideur de mieux juger de l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de proc\u00e9der ou non \u00e0 l\u2019op\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin notons que l\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie d\u00e9coulant d\u2019une op\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage n\u00e9cessitera l\u2019implication ult\u00e9rieure du technicien en charge du r\u00e9glage de sa r\u00e9gulation.<br \/>En effet si l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage devait consister au final \u00e0 ramener les locaux initialement les moins bien chauff\u00e9s dans la situation des mieux chauff\u00e9s, ce n\u2019est pas une \u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie que l\u2019on obtiendrait\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Globalement, il semble que le % moyen des \u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9nergie apr\u00e8s r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage des distributions de chauffage soit de l\u2019ordre de 7% pour des amortissements de l\u2019ordre de 2 \u00e0 3 ann\u00e9es si le circuit ne n\u00e9cessite pas ou peu de remplacements de robinets.<\/p>\n<p>Jusqu\u2019en d\u00e9cembre 2014, ces op\u00e9rations pouvaient \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9es au dispositif des Certificat d\u2019Economie d\u2019Energie pour un pourcentage forfaitaire d\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie de 10%.<br \/>Les fiches BAR et BAT SE 04 correspondantes sont actuellement en cours de modification. Elles devraient reparaitre sous d\u2019autres appellations dans le prochain arr\u00eat\u00e9 minist\u00e9riel consacr\u00e9 aux CEE.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"touche ECO\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec14.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"180\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\">Enfin pour conclure, une certitude, les op\u00e9rations d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage sont globalement parfaitement rentables si elles s\u2019effectuent avec rigueur.<\/p>\n<p>La meilleure preuve en est le travail accompli par le service d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Dalkia en IdF(*) cr\u00e9\u00e9 il y a une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9e pour exploiter la m\u00e9thode EQUILOG et actuellement g\u00e9r\u00e9 par Monsieur Christophe Tillay.<br \/>On pourra lire sur Xpair le compte rendu d\u2019une de ses r\u00e9alisations dans l\u2019article <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"http:\/\/conseils.xpair.com\/actualite_experts\/exemple-operation-equilibrage-egalisation-temperatures-retour.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00ab Op\u00e9ration d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage par uniformisation des temp\u00e9ratures de retour \u00bb.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>(*) Dalkia Ile-de-France, Service Equilibrage, 28 Boulevard de Pesaro, 92 751 NANTERRE CEDEX Tel: 01 55 67 68 97 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Les centaines d\u2019op\u00e9rations d\u2019\u00e9quilibrage r\u00e9alis\u00e9es par ce service l\u2019ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exclusivement sur des ensembles immobiliers g\u00e9r\u00e9s par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans le cadre de contrats MF (march\u00e9 forfaitaire) ou MT (march\u00e9 temp\u00e9rature). Sur ce type de contrats insuffisamment r\u00e9pandus, le client verse annuellement \u00e0 l\u2019exploitant une somme forfaitaire (ou corrig\u00e9e des DJU) contre l\u2019assurance d\u2019un chauffage optimal.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019approvisionnement en combustible est alors enti\u00e8rement \u00e0 la charge de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019exploitation. Son premier int\u00e9r\u00eat est donc de le r\u00e9duire dans la limite d\u2019un chauffage correct pour le client, puisque l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des \u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9nergie r\u00e9alis\u00e9es lui reviendra.<\/p>\n<p>Ce type d\u2019affaire encourage bien \u00e9videmment le prestataire \u00e0 la meilleure gestion possible de l\u2019installation et \u00e0 lui affecter ses meilleures \u00e9quipes. D\u2019un point de vue \u00e9cologique la situation est ainsi optimale.<br \/>Pour sa part, sans surcout particulier, le client a la garantie d\u2019un chauffage p\u00e9renne et bien r\u00e9gl\u00e9 et celle de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer, \u00e0 l\u2019issue de contrats g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de 8 ann\u00e9es, une installation aussi bien entretenue que possible.<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9quilibrages r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par le service Equilibrage de Dalkia IdF ont donc \u00e9t\u00e9 financ\u00e9s sur fonds propres et amortis en quelques ann\u00e9es par les \u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9nergies engendr\u00e9es.<br \/>Le maintien et le d\u00e9veloppement sur 10 ans de ce service est une preuve ind\u00e9niable de la bonne rentabilit\u00e9 de ce type d\u2019op\u00e9rations.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive center aligncenter\" title=\"Graphe \u00e9quilibrage\" src=\"http:\/\/media.xpair.com\/conseil\/regulation\/equilibrage-mapsec16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"block full\">\n<div class=\"block-title\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2>CONCLUSION<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-justify push-top\" style=\"text-align: left;\">L\u2019abaissement de la consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de notre parc de chauffages collectifs existants repose sur l\u2019isolation, le bon r\u00e9glage des combustions, de la r\u00e9gulation et de l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Malgr\u00e9 son influence majeure sur le r\u00e9glage de la r\u00e9gulation et le rendement des chaudi\u00e8res \u00e0 condensation (et des cog\u00e9n\u00e9rations), le dernier poste \u00e9tait jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent le maillon faible.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Apr\u00e8s une tr\u00e8s longue pause, jamais le probl\u00e8me n\u2019a autant \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019actualit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9cents dans le domaine des robinetteries et de la mise au point devraient permettre de mieux exploiter un des plus importants gisements d\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019\u00e9nergie restant disponible.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"text-primary push-top\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>SURSE \u0218I LINK-URI<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul class=\"push-top\">\n<li class=\"pad10\" style=\"text-align: left;\">MISE AU POINT : <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/precizare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.mapsec.fr\/mise-au-point<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"pad10\" style=\"text-align: left;\">COMMISIONING HVAC : <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/commissioning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.mapsec.fr\/commissioning<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"pad10\" style=\"text-align: left;\">AUDIT TERRAIN : <a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/audit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.mapsec.fr\/audit<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">TEST ETANCHEITE R\u00e9seaux a\u00e9rauliques :\u00a0<a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/mesure-de-letancheite-a-lair-des-reseaux-aerauliques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.mapsec.fr\/mesure-de-letancheite-a-lair-des-reseaux-aeraulique<\/a><a class=\"bleu\" href=\"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/mesure-de-letancheite-a-lair-des-reseaux-aerauliques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">s<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">SIMULATEUR Apprendre l\u2019\u00e9quilibrage : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edipa.fr\/LibrairieTechnique\/Details\/564\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.edipa.fr\/LibrairieTechnique\/Details\/564<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Par Patrick DELPECH &#8211; pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 MAPSEC &#8211; Mars 2020 Pour les responsables techniques et d\u00e9cideurs (maitres d\u2019ouvrage, syndic, etc.), les nouveaut\u00e9s du secteur, les<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16263"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17284,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16263\/revisions\/17284"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mapsec.fr\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}